Helen Stratford

Figure 1 4 general Commentaries on coal As ARRUDA (1981) the existing types of coal in the south region of Brazil are antracito (half-antracito, antracito and goal-antracito), bituminous (high volatile, high the volatile B, high volatile C, volatile volatile and low medium), sub-bituminous (sub-bituminous, B and C) and linhito. All these types of coal can occur in Santa Catarina, Paran and Rio Grande Do Sul. In Santa Catarina the types predominate bituminous high the volatile medium in the layers Pretty (bituminous high volatile), White Adobe (bituminous high medium the volatile one) and Irapu (bituminous high volatile). In the Rio Grande Do Sul the types predominate sub-bituminous in the cities of Candiota and Recreio sub-bituminous coals, Teresinha Saint we have sub-bituminous coals for bituminous high to the volatile medium. 4,1 Chemical constitution of the coal the constituent of the coal are carbon, hydrogen and sulphur, the mineral materials gifts in the coal are argilas, piritas and calcareous rocks, the oxides gifts are aluminum and silicon. The coal can be defined basically as being a combustible rock sedimentary, formed from determined vegetal, that had suffered to burial and compacting in originally little deep basins.

The diverse periods of training of carbonificao, of the minor for the greater rank, follow the sequncia: turf? sapropelito? linhito? sub-bituminous coal? bituminous coal? antracito. The minimum period of training for the industrial use of the coal is of the linhito. 7 Combustion of the coal the main purposes of the direct combustion of the coal are industrial vapor generation, termoeletricidade, heat of process in ovens and furnaces in the industry of the cement, glass, ceramics, agricultural drying of minerals and grains, locomotives the coal, in other words, the burning of the coal if make necessary in the industry because of the energy that is set free through its burning. The direct burning constitutes the form cheapest, efficient and traditional in the use of the coal as power plant.

In this context, the first electronic publications appear, what if it believed to be a great advance for the scientific community, but this was not materialize total, in view of the increase of the price of the signatures of periodic the scientific electronic, occurring the call ' ' crisis of peridicos' '. From this crisis, the appearance of a model that allowed the gratuitous access to the scientific information, called of open archives occurs. Sponsored scientific works with public resources denote free access to the information of decurrent them, however, periodic scientific electronic are not gotten in gratuitous way. Ahead of this fact, referring questionings to the imposed restriction appear to the users, that is, few exactly have access to the scientific information with the financing of the research with public resources. Another argument concerns to the public power: as well as it sponsors projects of the scientists, can, also, contribute so that the users have free and gratuitous access to the search services.

This work is considered to display it on the model of open archives and to indicate them as a source of gratuitous consultation to that new and discovery need the scientific information for the knowledge production of, from the argument that points scientific projects, in its majority, financed with public resources, but its readings demand pecuniary return. The justification of the research is guided in the fact of that the scientific information is the essential base for the intellectual development, scientific and technological of a country. Therefore, leaving of this premise, it is distinguished that to occur this development, the scientific community comes facing barriers how much to the access to these information, restricted to a small group, making with that the country does not obtain to improve its level in the scientific scope. Therefore, the model of open archive can be a viable alternative for the free access and increase of scientific productions.

Each sample was prepared completing the volume of 300 ml of the enteral bottle with pure extreme water (C.E and 18,2 Mohm.cm). They had been injected in white chromatograph separately 1 L of solution, solution working standard EtO and solutions of the prepared samples. Through the areas of the referring peaks to the chromatograms the residual EtO was calculated, as formula: Where: EtO: gotten value (ppm); Aa: area of the referring peak to the EtO gotten in the sample; AP: area of the peak of the solution standard; Cp: concentration standard; V: volume of the bottle; P: weight of the bottle (gram). RESULTS For the physical qualification the 11 physical sensors and 11 implanted integrators had approved the qualification parameters: 45 UR%, temperature: 55C, pressure: 0,750 Kgf/cm and EtO concentration: 430 mg/l. For the microbiological qualification the sterility tests had been approved in the analyses showed for the cycles: 534, 535 and 536 in the methodology of ways of culture Fluid Tioglicolato and TSB in the period of 14 days. All the 33 samples had been approved in the assay of endotoxina with results below of < 0,5 in agreement EU/ml USP 30. The evaluation of fast the 33 analyses of Bioindicadores 1294 (third generation) with reading of 4 hours indicated the approval of the cycles of sterilization 534, 535 and 536, confirming the SALT 10-12 of 360 minutes and d value of 30 minutes, for the exposition of 6 hours to the esterilizante agent oxide of ethylene in the 430 concentration of mg/L. The analytical validation was approved for all the analyzed parameters. especificidade was approved for the degradaes in basic way: (- 40.07%), acid (- 43.68%), oxidante (- 23.28%) and under high temperatures (- 14.77%). The analysis of Linearity was approved therefore, the samples had presented DPR% R8), assayed for convenience to determine the concentration of the working standard EtO 10 g/ml, demonstrating to good separation and symmetry of the peaks thus approving the robustness of the method.

93, ' ' in our liquid society, to remain itself at a distance seems the only reasonable form of proceder' '. Here it fits to also bring the words of the marxist theoretician Henry Lefebvre, in its book the right to the city: ' ' How much to urbanism as ideology, it received more necessary formularizations each time. To study the circulation problems, of transmission of the orders and the information in the great modern city takes the real knowledge and the techniques of application. To declare that the city if defines as consumption and circulation net, as center of information and decisions is an absolute ideology; this ideology, that proceeds from a particularly arbitrary and dangerous reduction-extrapolao, if offers as total truth and dogma, using half terrorists. It leads to the urbanism of the pipes, of the public cleanness, of the measurers, that if it intends to impose on behalf of science and of the scientific severity.

Or the thing worse still! ' ' It is what we have seen in our cities: an inoperative urbanism! What it is needed to make? How to surpass and to win this culture of the fear in these times after-modern? Again the words of Lefebvre help in them to search a reply condizente: ' ' It is indispensable critical radical in such a way of the philosophies of the city how much of ideological urbanism, and this in such a way in the theoretical plan as in the practical plan. This critical one can be taken by an operation of public salubrity. However, it cannot be carried through without long research, rigorous analyses, a patient study of the texts and contextos' '. 4. INAUTENTICIDADE: IT IS POSSIBLE THUS TO FIGHT FOR the RIGHT To the CITY? According to Bauman, ' ' the people of the city do not identify themselves with the land feeds that it, with the source of its wealth or an area under its guard, attention and responsibility, as she happened with the industrials and traders of ideas and good of consumption of the past.